What is Growth and Development?

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Growth and development is easy yet important topic of teaching exam. There are 3 - 4 question asked in it every year. Most important one to read in it are Principles of development.
Take a quiz to know about it :

PRINCIPLES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
  1. Principle of  Continuity: Development starts from conception and continues till the old age.
  2. Principle of Sequentiality: Development is sequential or orderly. Development is from cephalo caudal to proximo distal during the early stages of life i.e. from head to toe and from central axis to the extremities of the body.
  3. Principle of Generality to Specificity:  Development proceeds from general to specific. e.g. A foetus moves its whole body but is incapable of making specific responses. 
  4. Principle of Differentiallity: Boys and Girls have different development rates. Each part of the body has its own particular rate of growth. Mental abilities like verbal, numerical, spatial etc. develop at different stages. 
  5. Principle of interaction between Heredity and Environment: An individual is a result of the interaction between his inherited traits and the the environment he grows in.
  6. Principles of Inter-relation: Different aspects of development are inter-related. E.g. Mental development has a positive and a negative effect on physical development of an individual.
  7. Development is Cumulative: It is a cumulative process. Certain changes impress the observer with their dramatic suddenness but actually these changes do not emerge all of a sudden. They are the result of addition of small changes.
  8. Development is Predictable: Development is predictable in the case of normal or average children that that normal development pattern. 
  9. Development is Spiral and not Linear: Development is not in a straight line rather it is in the form of a cork-screw. After certain development, a child rests and then again the development starts.
  10. Principle of Individual Differences: Each and every individual is different from one another and grows at his own pace. Individual differs in special abilities because of the heredity and environment interaction.
  11. Principle of uneven Tempo of Growth and Development: Growth and Development thought as continuous but its rate of development is in fits and starts and not uniform all the times. In earlier stages, growth is quick but it slows down as one grows and gain during puberty, the growth is sudden.
  12. The Principle of Anticipation: The child modifies his behavior according to the requirement or what he wants to be in future. the child continuously anticipated his future direction of development.

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